Northern Mozambique offers some of the most untouched wilderness on the
continent. The region offers a unique combination of pristine
coastline, clear fresh waters (and endemic species) of Lake Niassa, and an
untamed interior and its diversity of wildlife. Specific conservation efforts
include:
Niassa Reserve
First established in 1964, the Niassa
Reserve is one of the largest protected miombo forest ecosystems in the
world. The core area of the reserve encompasses 15,000 square kilometres, while
its buffer zones add another 17,000 square kilometres. The total area is about
twice as large as South Africa's Kruger Park and contains Mozambique's largest
concentration of wildlife, including three endemic species (Niassa wildebeest,
Boehm's zebra, and Johnston's impala.)
The reserve is managed by an innovative public-private partnership in which the
Government of Mozambique retains ownership of the land and wildlife resources,
which a private company, the "Sociedade de Gestão e Desenvolvimento da Reserva
do Niassa," manages the reserve.
Quirimbas National Park.
Created in 2002, this stunning park protects 7,500 square kilometres of the
region's rich coral reef, mangroves, coastal forest, and woodland as well as
wildlife such as turtle, dugongs and elephants. It is not only the largest
marine protected area in Africa (encompassing 1,500 square kilometres, which
include eleven coral islands and 100 kilometres of coastline) but also an
excellent example of community involvement in conservation. While the
Government of Cabo Delgado Province and local non-governmental organizations
(such as KARIBU and GECORENA) played a key role in initiating the park, they
could not have done so without the leadership of the region's 40 communities
who wished to protect the natural resources upon which the livelihoods of their
55,000 members depend.
The Quirimbas National Park lies within the Quirimbas Archipelago, which
includes 32 coral islands extending from the capital of Cabo Delgado Province,
Pemba, to the Rovuma River, which separates Mozambique from Tanzania.
Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs).
The concept of a transfrontier conservation area first came about when
Mozambique's then President, Joaquim Chissano, met with the President of WWF in
South Africa in 1990 to discuss a permanent link between protected areas in
Mozambique and its neighbours: South Africa, Swaziland and Zimbabwe. Since
then, Mozambique has been a leader in establishing such areas, which are
critical to protecting large eco-systems which straddle national borders as
well as enabling the traditional migration of wildlife. In Northern Mozambique,
planning is underway to develop a TFCA with Tanzania to link Niassa Reserve
with the Selous Game Reserve.
Established in 1997, The Peace
Parks Foundation currently facilitates the establishment of TFCAs in
southern Africa.
Other Conservation Initiatives in Northern Mozambique.
A private initiative - the
Maluane Project - has been working since 1988 to protect three islands,
a coastal strip and a 33,000 hectare wildlife safari area in the far north of
Mozambique through a series of conservation projects and low-impact tourism.
For more information on specific conservation initiatives in Northern
Mozambique, contact the WWF
Mozambique or IUCN in
Mozambique.
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